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The fourth problematic item is SOCR54 "Do you think that your eating habits negatively affect your family relationship?" which presented a large outfit (OUTF MNSQ = 1.9) for response category 3 "several times" but not for the remaining of the response categories.
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One problematic item was excluded from its respective scale.
Problematic items were excluded based on the adopted criteria (MI ≥ 30; Brown 2006) and on methodological decisions detailed below.
Following the review of these translations by Czech traffic psychologists, problematic items were identified (in terms of wording, ambiguity, and specific features of the Czech context), and these were then translated anew by another translator.
During each step, problematic items were identified.
Problematic items were noted for discussion by the research team.
Problematic items were revised according to the comments of the patients.
Problematic items were highlighted and taken into account during exploratory factor analysis.
Four problematic items were removed and exploratory factor analysis identified a two-factor (attentional and social) solution.
Therefore, comparisons to earlier studies of the DASS-21 regarding problematic items are by necessity somewhat limited.
It became apparent that the problematic items were consistent between the child and proxy version and 8 of the 10 problems were identified in two or more countries.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com