Since Huxley, for example, Darwinians have found altruism problematic, as evolution would necessarily select against benevolence to another at cost to oneself.
This is a step toward explicating the problematic of evolution education as it concerns the cognitive difficulties in understanding Darwin's theory of natural selection.
This paper critically reviews and characterizes the student's causal-explanatory understanding; this is done as a step toward explicating the problematic of evolution education as it concerns the cognitive difficulties in understanding Darwin's theory of natural selection.
As expected, these two propositions are more problematic for evolution rejecters, but it is surprising to find that a proportion of level 1 rejecters actually accept all three propositions: it is unclear from this what they think they are rejecting, and this question remains to be explored.
This conceptual model might also be applied in other cases of problematic scale-fragment evolution.
A contradictory definition would be one that contained both types of codes (#3); it is contradictory in the sense that it provides both accurate and problematic information about evolution.
When Kansas' first draft became public last month, however, Republican board member Ken Willard told the Associated Press that the standards are "very problematic" for describing evolution as a well-established, core scientific concept.
More problematic is the evolution of acute UTIs into chronic infections, with recurrence of the symptoms two or more times within months of a primary infection [42].
Linhart's (1997) research, however, highlights how problematic the presentation of evolution in university-level textbooks is and, thereby, the integral role of the faculty member in ensuring that students gain a complete and accurate understanding of evolution.
Last, the interdisciplinary novelty of biologically-inspired computational social modeling and simulation is itself problematic, because the rapid evolution and heterogeneity of these projects can make it difficult for non-practitioners to judge the quality of a model and/or its simulation outputs [33, 34].
Nevertheless, it is useful to outline some of the most potentially problematic instances of compensatory evolution.
