Exact(10)
The English physician and philosopher David Hartley announced in his Observations on Man (1749) that a certain "ingenious Friend" had shown him a solution of the "inverse problem" of reasoning from the occurrence of an event p times and its failure q times to the "original Ratio" of causes.
Fuzzy logic was initially proposed to cover the problem of reasoning under uncertainty.
The problem of reasoning is treated by an approximate reasoning approach, called the transferable belief model.
This arrangement offloads the convergence time and complexity problem of reasoning process during run-time.
We address the problem of reasoning about preferences among properties (outcomes, desiderata, etc). in Reiter's default logic.
Then, we show that the problem of reasoning about only knowing in the propositional case lies at the second level of the polynomial hierarchy.
Similar(50)
This approach, described in Sandewall 1994, uses preference semantics as a way to organize nonmonotonic solutions to the problems of reasoning about action and change.
The work presented here addresses the problem of inductive reasoning in medical discoveries.
Bringing an eclectic set of conceptual tools to the problem of idealized reasoning in realistic settings, and using computers to model and test the theories, research in AI has transformed the study of reasoning especially of practical, common sense reasoning.
The problem of selective reasoning extends beyond literary blather into real world troubles when self-appointed acolytes of Ayn Rand inject her simplistic self-righteousness into things like the budget of the United States of America.
Because D is coded when a viewer infers from visible behavior a disruption of the (invisible, posited) attachment system, this sharply raises the general problem of inferential reasoning in relation to observable behavior.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com