13, 14 Harashima et al. 13 used a five-probe Hall method to measure the Hall effect and conductivity of their (001) single-crystal cut surface samples (preparation conditions unspecified), while Kubacki et al. 14 used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on single-crystal (001) surfaces obtained by epi-polishing.
Based on theoretical analysis of PEC technique, three different probes, including a differential hall probe, a differential coil probe, and a two-stage differential coil probe are designed to detect this kind of defects.
The activation energy, carrier concentration, hole mobility and resistivity were determined by linear four probe and Hall effect measurements.
Scanning Hall probe microscopy (SHPM) is a novel scanned probe magnetic imaging technique whereby the stray fields at the surface of a sample are mapped with a sub-micron semiconductor heterostructure Hall probe.
The electrical resistivity was measured using a four-point probe, and the Hall effect coefficient was measured using a Bio-Rad Hall set-up (Hercules, CA, USA).
Furthermore, by using a scanning Hall probe microscope (SHPM), a comprehensive, high-spatial resolution characterization of the probe performance (e.g. peak magnetic intensity and spatial field distribution) is achieved for the first time.
The errors due to the angular errors of the Hall probe are eliminated by a calibration of the sensitivity tensor of the probe.
In order to have a diagnostic of the toroidal field, some measurements of magnetic field inside the flow have been taken at a single point using an inserted hall probe (in addition to the external field measurements made by an array of hall probes just outside the experiment).
The plasma generated in a two-target closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering system for thin film deposition is characterized by means of Hall probes and cylindrical Langmuir probes as a function of the position inside the vacuum system.
Nedick's, Fonda del Sol, Orange Julius, Schrafft's, The Seabury probe, Knapp Commission, Tammany Hall graft.
