It's an end run around the probable cause requirement for detention".
Judge Aiken said a practical effect of "a seemingly minor change in wording" was to allow the government to avoid the constitutional probable cause requirement.
These exceptions apply "[o]nly in those exceptional circumstances in which special needs, beyond the normal need for law enforcement, make the warrant and probable cause requirement impracticable".
In fact, the opposite is true: judicial oversight of wiretapping results in more efficient law enforcement because the probable cause requirement focuses law enforcement's efforts on threats that are real.
"The warrant and probable cause requirements," she said, "ensure that an objective magistrate determines that there is a good reason to believe that a search will turn up evidence of wrongdoing before mobile phone location data is disclosed".
That does not end the matter, however, because the Supreme Court has held that many forms of searches are "reasonable" even if they do not satisfy the warrant and/or probable cause requirements.
Bou Bou's Law is a step in the right direction, but since cops already normally use no-knock raids when there's a gun in the house and since most drug suspects would destroy evidence if given the chance the probable-cause requirement won't be that hard to surmount.
It has been suggested that the probable metabolic requirements of an RNA world [ 50] would have exceeded the catalytic capacity of RNA.
The fourth factor that renders the choice of a privately designed standard less probable is the requirement imposed by a cooperative to choose a public standard, because it may be connected with a collective (group) certification by gaining subsidies.
We therefore conclude it is probable that the requirement for activation of multiple adenosine receptor subtypes in the pharmacologic control of chronic inflammation results from the involvement of different types of inflammatory cells and disease-specific differences in the inflammatory environment.
