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For example, in a Markovian setting without fictitious play,b Ma et al. [13] introduce a cooperation parameter (a probability to stop transmitting) and then follows a detection and punishment methodology regarding selfish behavior.
This is due to a decrease of the probability to stop the trial early.
The probability to stop without rejecting H0 is Pr(p1 ≥ α0) = 0.023 irrespective of truncation.
Nevertheless, there is still a smaller probability to stop the trial after the first stage when the truncation is applied.
The reason is that the probability to stop already after the first stage depends on the sample size in stage one.
Therefore, to decide whether or not a truncation is useful one should focus on the probability to stop early and on the expected total sample size.
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Furthermore, activation of the right striatum increased with the probability of having to stop (Fig. 6A), in line with our previous findings [7], [13].
They show also that the probability to be stopped and fined by the police is not neutral on perception and attitude towards alcohol.
However, despite the prediction from the AAV model, we could not obtain a significant outcome in relation to the size order of the probabilities of voting to stop searching in committee search for the various plurality voting rules.
The probability for a vehicle to stop at a traffic light is set to 50%.
The effect of splitting a node is to stop probability flow through the node, and the simplest way to implement that in the matrix representation, is to delete the corresponding row from P1 and hence ultimately from the DAG.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com