It is isostructural with calcium hydroxylapatite, and Cd2+ has the probability of replacement for Ca2+ in hard tissue [4].
When extending this model to incorporate selection amongst strains that are continuously generated through mutation, we found that simple forms of selection will lead to simple predictions for the probability of replacement of new strains.
As the mechanism of selection of the new strain over the resident acts upon reinfection with the asymmetry e1/e2<1, we can see that as this ratio becomes smaller the probability of replacement increases and the mean time to replacement decreases, all else being equal.
From the results in Table 2 it is clear that, under the described selection (e1<e2), the probability of fixation of the new strain is always higher than the probability of replacement by a neutral strain (e1 = e2) and that the time for it to sweep through the population can be short.
This meant that, in contrast with a deterministic model, which describes what happens on average in a population, the model can provide estimates of the probability of replacement or persistence of an imported genotype.
Probabilities of replacement are described by a graph with edge weights e ij as before.
If the alphabet is selected, which means that there is a high probability of residues replacements of the same class and a low probability of residues replacements from distinct classes, then we probably have an increase in the number of identities detected.
Specifically, realistic probabilities of population replacement (i.e., > 50% probability of population replacement) require the magnitude of MI to be greater than 0.9.
For each parameter value, the probability of population replacement was determined by the number of successful replacement events occurring in 1000 simulations, for a total of 101,000 simulations per parameter.
However, as the magnitude of IF increases, the probability of population replacement rapidly approaches one, with realistic probabilities of population replacement occurring when the frequency of infected females approaches 20%.
