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Father Willenborg insisted on a DNA test, which showed the probability of paternity was 99.9percentt.
This panel on average possessed match probability 10e-29 and probability of paternity of 0.99999997, which was orders of magnitude higher than most of the currently employed STR-based chemistries and SNP-based panels that were proposed previously for HID testing.
The probability of paternity was 0% and the alleged father [John] was excluded as the biological father of the tested child.
The victim's male relatives (father, brother, paternal grandfather, and maternal grandfather) samples on DNA analysis were excluded due to multiple allelic incompatibilities while her brother whose genotypes were included at each locus suggested the obligate paternal allele of the product of conception with the confirmation of sister brother incest having a probability of paternity >99.99999%.
This may be the result of one male having a high probability of paternity with multiple females.
Thus, under conditions of sperm competition the probability of paternity is typically highly skewed towards one of the competing males.
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Probabilities of paternity exclusion were estimated using CERVUS (Kalinowski et al., 2007).
A male finding a hibernating female, and repeatedly mating with her, and then guarding her, would have a high probability of successful paternity.
Probability of identity and paternity exclusion probability combined across all loci was 5 × 10−6 for the first parent, allowing high-quality assignments (see Richard et al. 2013 for further details on assignment reliability).
The six microsatellite markers were highly polymorphic, resulting in high exclusion probabilities for paternity analysis (Table 1).
Female pied flycatchers choose their mate on the basis of the brightness of male coloration at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths (Siitari et al. 2002) and this trait also affects the probability of the male losing paternity in his nest (Lehtonen et al. 2009).
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