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As the critical FOS is equal to 1.4, the slope that is considered stable by a conventional analysis is found associated with a substantial failure probability around 20%.
In all these situations, the nodes in LoS with the source are able to correctly receive a packet, while the reception probability around the corner depends on mutual distances.
On the other hand, SPO is able to adapt to the user density fluctuations shown in Figure 7 and maintains the coverage probability around the threshold value (i.e., the target coverage performance) when the active user density is low.
In [12], the authors show that the RIP property is verified when the measurement energy ||Φ z||2 is more and more concentrated, in probability, around the value | | z | | 2 2 as far as the number of measurements increases.
The probability of fragmentation around 400 mm (16.84%), 500 mm (11.35%) and 580 mm (9.32%) above the burner plane are all higher than the probability around 100 mm, 200 mm and 300 mm above the burner plane, which indicates that the particle fragmentation has more probability to take place in the char gasification stage than in the pyrolysis stage in the OMB gasifier.
Figure 5 shows an average posterior probability around 80% for the true sites' tree in the ILS simulations.
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The extended TGLMM and Model 1 both give nearly unbiased estimates (bias less than 1.6%) and nominal coverage probabilities around 93% for Se, Sp, PPV, NPV, LR+ and LR − estimates.
It is important to point out that the average probabilities of high infection (category 4) were very similar to the average probabilities of complete infection (category 5) for the whole data set and for each country, and that no infection (category 1) was the category with the lowest average probabilities (around 15%).
By contrast, the difference between a certain Trump loss and a certain Trump win — by definition, a 100-percentage-point change in probability — is around 16 times as large as that six-percentage-point drop.
For Norwegian men the pattern was similar but at all ages the probabilities were around 0.10 points lower.
Among the professions deemed by the Bank research to have a high probability of automation (around 70 per cent) are sales and customer service workers.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com