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The PROactive study, however, suggested that pioglitazone may be cardioprotective.
The PROactive study included 5,238 patients with previous macrovascular disease.
Data on all myocardial infarctions were not available for the PROactive study.
The PROACTIVE study showed that pioglitazone trended to decrease certain cardiovascular endpoints.
In the PROactive study, pioglitazone reduced the number of patients progressing to long-term insulin therapy by half.
38 Results of two large clinical trials, the PROactive study and the PERISCOPE study, recently published, have clearly highlighted the role of pioglitazone in prevention of CV events.
Similar(14)
In the past, several retrospective and proactive studies have been successfully conducted to determine the first occurrence of an emerging infectious disease (EID) in a country (e.g., transmissible spongiform encephalopathies and bovine parafiliariosis) [16], [17] but limited studies have been carried out on the incursion of BTV-8 into northern Europe (e.g., [18]).
Optimization of quality and safety requires a proactive systematic study of workflow, identification of weaknesses that could lead to suboptimal performance, and risk assessment [4].
The PROACTIVE prospective study showed a modest reduction of cardiovascular end points associated with pioglitazone [ 156] especially in patients with no peripheral artery disease [ 157].
This percentage compares very well with those (5.9 6.0% per year) of the cohorts of diabetic patients in secondary prevention analyzed in the PROactive (4) study and the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) (7).
For instance, while in the UKPDS (1, 24), newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with no CV complications were enrolled, and high-risk individuals were included in the University Group Diabetes Project (16) or in the PROactive (31) studies.
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