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8 The policy comprises proactive memory assessment of people in both primary care and acute hospital settings who may not have symptoms; however, there is little evidence that such initiatives, which inevitably lead to increased referrals to specialist services, are cost effective and whether they are distressing to patients.
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In retroactive inhibition, new learning interferes with the retention of old memories; in proactive inhibition, old memories interfere with the retention of new learning.
Therefore, this study investigated whether a relatively poor pre- stressor ability to resist proactive interference in working memory might increase risk for experiencing undesirable intrusive memories after being exposed to a stressful event.
Experiment 4 also assessed the impact of proactive interference on recognition memory.
Whereas proactive interference occurs when earlier memories influence new memories at encoding, retroactive interference takes place when old memories are changed by new incoming information at the consolidation stage.
As it is always complicated to interpret null results, our data point more to a lack of functional relevance of the hippocampus in particular memory processes like proactive interference or total learning than to the functional relevance of the prefrontal cortex in these processes.
Across two studies, college students paced their study of key-term definitions (e.g., "Proactive interference: Information already stored in memory interferes with the learning of new information").
On this basis, we do not believe that the comparison between the 5 min. conditions and the PM AM condition uncovers evidence in favor of a proactive role of sleep in face memory consolidation.
Using a principal components factor analysis, they demonstrated that proactive interference was associated with working memory capabilities, presumably mediated by the lateral prefrontal cortex.
But oxytocin contributed additionally to the memory-reducing effect of proactive interference when administered in the second session.
We manipulated strategy demands by varying the degree of proactive interference (which impairs EM) and the memory load required to perform the secondary task (which impairs WM).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com