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By value, the vast majority of these deals (88percentt) consisted of public companies acquiring private targets.
Harford et al. (2012a) find that entrenched managers tend to avoid private targets, but are more likely to use cash when they do so.
We then studied the underlying biological processes between private targets of crosstalk motifs (Methods in Additional file 1).
Therefore, the zero functional similarity might be due to the lack of PPIs between regulated private targets involved in the crosstalk motifs.
For example, if the threshold of the synergistic regulation between TFs increases to 40 targets, the significance score would be elevated to 2. This result suggested that regulator pairs with common targets tend to regulate private targets with PPIs.
PPIs between private targets of TP53-miR-200bc/429/548a were enriched in positive/negative regulation of cell death, response to insulin stimulus, epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, positive regulation of cell differentiation/proliferation, regulation of protein kinase activity, protein phosphorylation, and regulation of cell migration.
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These effects are tested in 20 hypotheses on how ownership dispersion affects M&A, with comprehensive M&A data from the 1990s and 2000s, and a new detailed hand-coded matched sample of 120 recent public and private target M&A contracts.
The two workplaces also differed: one was a civil workplace targeting high SES groups and the other was private, targeting the low SES working population.
Crosstalk motifs were defined as the private target gene sets of two corresponding regulators, TFs and/or miRNAs, which shared at least two targets.
In this crosstalk motif, there are 1,918 PPIs between target genes: around 25.02% and 25.50% PPIs formed intra-connections within TP53 and miR-200bc/429/548a regulated-private target genes, respectively, and around 39.05% PPIs formed inter-connections between two private target sets.
Specifically, for single-regulation, PPIs between every paired target genes were analyzed; for co-regulation motifs, only PPIs between common target genes were analyzed; and for crosstalk and independent motifs, only PPIs between two private target gene sets were analyzed.
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