Exact(6)
If the harm is a private harm, meaning a random agent is offended by each harmful activity, and each agent is equally likely to be affected by each harmful activity, then (hint _{p(c),f}^{infty }g v mathrm {d}v) is the expected total harm each agent faces caused by agents engaged in the harmful activity at enforcement level (c, f .6.
Merely showing that lots of individuals suffer private harm does not mean the nuisance is public.
In particular, how does the measure of damages relate to the social harm (as opposed to the private harm suffered by a subset of traders)?
Therefore, when a public flood control improvement designed to divert or rechannel potentially dangerous water flow is a substantial cause of property damage, courts must balance " 'public need against the gravity of private harm' " in determining whether to compensate the landowners for that damage.
Perhaps, if crimes are 'public' wrongs, we could meet the charge of over-inclusiveness by distinguishing within the category of wrongfully harmful conduct between public and private harms: the betrayal of a friendship or a marriage is not apt for criminalization if and because it causes only private harm.
They said Kane had taken part in "egregious misconduct" that violated rules of professional conduct and "caused substantial public and private harm," according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
Similar(54)
Besides the economical burden, shoulder pain causes great individual harm and influences both work and private life.
"Doctors at public hospitals all know these private hospitals harm people," Junjun sighs.
For example, do social structures such as gated communities and private schools harm us all?
Until now, federal regulatory agencies have been able to adjudicate the complaints of private citizens harmed by state entities.
Even though any private company harmed by Google for antitrust violations could bring a lawsuit in a court of law, Microsoft and others have encouraged the FTC (and taxpayer) to foot the bill and expend precious resources.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com