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A comparison of the Bayesian and DS approaches in [25] illustrates that the two techniques can lead to similar results but that a well-defined formulation of probabilities, conditioning and priors is required in the Bayes method, whereas in the DS theory, conditioning is incorporated in the belief functions with no prior knowledge needed.
According to Norman and Schmidt tutor performance impacts not only on group functioning, but also on both students' perceptions of the quality of the problems used in PBL, and on the amount of prior knowledge needed by the participants [ 9].
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However, the mere availability of relevant prior knowledge is not sufficient: prior knowledge needs to be activated before links between prior knowledge and new information can be made [ 13].
No prior knowledge is needed and the calculation is simplified.
Having only few structural information about the system, a non-parametric approach may be more appropriate than a parametric one for which detailed prior knowledge is needed.
Because of the inherent ambiguity when mapping the outside world on the receptive surface, 17 prior knowledge is needed to infer the most likely interpretation.
In our setting, students with no prior clinical knowledge read the 'expert comments' more frequently than students with prior knowledge and needed significantly more time to work on the VP cases.
In engineering situations, we usually have a large amount of prior knowledge that needs to be taken into account when processing data.
Therefore, the prior knowledge incorporation needs to find a proper balance between the experimental data and prior knowledge to achieve effective incorporation, as well as limit the adverse effects caused by any spurious edges contained in imperfect prior knowledge.
When the selection of variables is based on prior knowledge, this knowledge needs to be made explicit with references or explanations; otherwise the selection cannot be judged or discussed.
Although level-set based segmentation techniques are frequently used in liver segmentation due to their flexibility to adapt to different problems by incorporating prior knowledge, the need to initialize the contours on each slice is a common drawback of such techniques.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com