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None of the 37 females had prior breeding experience.
Individuals can use two general kinds of information to assess habitat quality: direct personal information which may involve prior breeding experiences or sampling of habitat quality and indirect information such as the presence of other individuals [4], [22].
For female mate FPS, the model included binary mate age (yearling or older male) and binary breeding experience (inexperienced or experienced female based on prior breeding on our nestbox plots) as fixed factors.
All adults were housed at a constant 24°C and fed crickets ad libitum for at least 10 weeks after a prior breeding [ 37].
Specifically, hormones regulating oocyte proliferation and ovulation have strong environmental sensitivity, and hormonally-mediated changes in gene expression as a result of prior breeding experience, changes in photoperiod, food, mate familiarity, or ambient temperature are often documented [ 35- 39].
In both populations, all resident birds were marked with a unique combination of four rings, and age category and prior breeding experience were known for all birds included in this study.
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Moreover, should transgenic animals get exposure to the wild environment prior to breeding (i.e. escape prior maturation), this may well alter their reproductive performance in a similar way, but opposite, to the effects captive rearing has on wild fish (e.g. Berejikian et al. 1997, 2001a; Bessey et al. 2004).
The water-seeking behaviour (so-called water drive) of adult amphibians often observed prior to breeding in ponds is also controlled by prolactin.
Dosing began 30 days prior to breeding and continued until their pups were weaned at 21 days of age.
Carbon isotopes are determined by the diet consumed by the female bird, whereas oxygen isotopes record the status of local moisture balance in the months prior to breeding.
The genetic base of the cultivated groundnut is very narrow as a result of the genetic bottleneck associated with recent polyploidization which makes it critical to determine the levels of genetic diversity within available germplasm collections prior to breeding.
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