This "rewiring" strategy (i.e., coupling and decoupling) of the ground plan provides a new organizing principle for morphological diversification and might be applicable to complex wing patterns that have not yet been investigated.
We also confirm some other principles of Carroll's "Genetic theory of Morphological Evolution", such as "mosaic pleiotropy", exemplified by the dual role of Sox2 reflected in its regulatory region.
However, the main morphological design principles of 'transgenic' pyramidal cells remain preserved.
Phylogenetic principles are used to reconstruct complex ancestral traits of morphological characters, genome structures and their properties, and evolutionary events (like gene duplications, losses, transfers, or chromosomal rearrangements).
There has been considerable progress in the understanding of transcription-factor network evolution in recent years, and these studies have helped understand the generation of morphological diversity (Carroll, 2008) and key principles of transcriptional rewiring (Tuch et al., 2008).
Our interpretations also represent Troll's bauplan of the angiosperms, the principle of variable proportions, morphological misfits, the basic types of stem segmentation, and Goethe's principle of metamorphosis in terms of CIT.
In principle, natural genetic variation may also affect the global molecular buffering of morphological traits, which would be detected by differences in phenotypic potentials among natural strains.
The principle solution parameters for the specific design characteristics were later refined in details using the aid of morphological chart to systematically develop conceptual designs for the component.
Foote, M. Morphological disparity in Ordovician Devonian crinoids and the early saturation of morphological space.
* Wiens, J. J. (2000) Phylogenetic Analysis of Morphological Data.
"There are projects similar to previous ones," Herzog acknowledges, "but they are still experimentally interesting because they reveal other sides of morphological elements.
