These 38 RAD markers were considered as candidate markers linked to the disease resistance gene Lanr1 based on the principles of candidate marker discovery described earlier [ 11- 14, 19- 24].
We felt that if we could replicate the known primate phylogeny using the markers we designed then we would have proof of principle that this type of marker was useful for phylogenetic analysis.
Given the different polymorphism-detection principles of DArT, SSR and RFLP markers, we suggest that the centromeric clustering largely reflects centromeric suppression of recombination [ 33, 37].
The principle of integrating AFLP marker anchoring with BAC AFLP fingerprinting for local physical map construction was reported under the name "KeyMaps" [ 22, 23], but has so far not been applied to a genome-wide physical map.
G was constructed using the FG method described by [ 8]: first, genotype probabilities were calculated with LDMIP [ 9] using only the linkage analysis options, and a relationship matrix G was calculated following the principles of [ 10], averaging over all marker positions.
The high-throughput amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker technology combines principles of RFLP and random PCR amplification for rapid identification of molecular loci of the entire genome [ 1].
The principles of combining contour features with projected markers are explained and results comparing different sizes, geometries and densities of projected markers are provided.
Therefore, the survival outcome of extremely premature newborns is no longer the principle marker of success; long-term neurodevelopmental outcome has become the most important indicator of a successful outcome for infants born extremely premature.
The principle of DNA methylation markers for early breast cancer detection is based on evidence that growing tumors release significant amounts of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) into the bloodstream through cellular necrosis, apoptosis, or spontaneous release of DNA into the circulation from primary and metastatic tumors [ 7, 8].
A D' value of 0 indicates complete linkage equilibrium, which implies frequent recombination between the two markers and statistical independence under principles of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
