Table 1 Principles for MEA design Principle Explanation Reality principle Students can make sense of the situation based on their experience.
In philosophy of biology, reduction involves questions about how different biological disciplines and theories are related, and how biology itself is connected to physics and chemistry (e.g., is biology autonomous, possessing its own theoretical principles, explanations, and methods?).
First-principles explanation of a broad class of geometric visual hallucination patterns began with Cowan's work with Ermentrout [26] and later extended to include anatomical details such as long-range anisotropic, orientation-specific connectivity [7, 10 12, 21].
Logically, we would expect all plant species to benefit from nutrient-rich patches (when they are nutrient limited) and so we lack a first principles explanation that can permit an understanding of why species differ so much in their foraging responses (Kembel et al. 2008; McNickle and Cahill 2009; McNickle et al. 2009).
Table 2 The instrumental principles of sustainability Instrumental rule Explanation Internalisation of external social and environmental costs Prices have to reflect the external environmental and social costs arising through the economic process.
In principle, this explanation can account for the diversity of traits exhibited in the DS.
Appeals to evolutionary principles for explanations of behaviour – we show micro-awakenings because of a primal fear of being eaten – are sometimes rejected as speculative Just So Stories, because they're untestable.
On top, there's a teardrop-shaped dollop of white chocolate and caramel ganache that should be used as a teaching aid whenever the term "pleasure principle" requires explanation.
The idea was to foster comparative research on humans so that anthropologists and other social scientists could discover which principles and explanations are universally valid, not culture bound.
These inference relations will be assigned, however, both standard semantics (giving interpretation to their rules), and natural nonmonotonic semantics based on the principle of explanation closure.
