The Public Trust Doctrine, a legal principle dating to the Roman Empire, guarantees the public access to the water, holding that air, sea and shore belong not to any one person but to the public at large.
Although the new rules could be applied only in carefully circumscribed situations, they stepped back from a principle dating back to the Nuremberg War Crimes trials, when American judges wrote an international code of medical ethics.
Like the earlier federal suit, the new case alleges that the U.S. government has violated the public-trust doctrine the principle, dating back to Roman law, that some resources cannot be appropriated by private interests and are instead held in trust by the government for public use.
But according to the Association of Prosecuting Attorneys, at least 33 states have laws that extend the right to use deadly force in self-defence as set out in the "castle doctrine", a principle dating back to British common law that establishes the right to defend the home from invasion and attack.
The "Just War Theory" section of the presentation begins with a slide containing an image of Augustine of Hippo, the 4th century Catholic bishop most closely associated with this set of ethical principles, although an earlier version of these principles dates back to Cicero two centuries earlier.
Those guidelines are based on principles dating to the days of President Gerald R. Ford and Attorney General Edward H. Levi that prohibited agents from using publicly available sources of information like libraries to collect information, except in a criminal investigation.
"What is at stake in this case is the rule of law," they told the court: "Basic principles dating back to the Magna Carta, enshrined in our Constitution, and recognized in international human rights law, prohibit this kind of abuse of official authority, and there can be little doubt that the decision below was right in finding abuse on these facts".
The court held that authorizing soldiers to arrest civilians violated "constitutional principles dating from the 1923 Constitution" all the way up to the interim constitution, which the military council itself issued in March 2011 to legitimate its power, according to the Web site of the official newspaper, Al Ahram.
French rejectionists have sometimes seemed to question the very concept of free trade within a single market a principle that dates back to the Treaty of Rome in 1957.The yes campaign's response to arguments of this sort—"But this was all agreed in 1992 or 1957"—has not worked.
Like the OED, it is built on "historical principles", with dates for citations, impressing upon us the boisterous demotic creativity of our forebears, who were no less interested than we are in making up new ways to describe getting drunk (1650: "go to the scriveners and learn to make indentures").
