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Objective/Background: Efficacy in osteoarthritis (OA) is principally measured using subjective visual analogue (VAS) and/or Likert scale responses.
Cyathostomin resistance to macrocyclic lactone compounds is emerging, principally measured as a reduction in strongyle egg reappearance time observed after treatment.
The concern is not with the transport benefits, principally measured as travel-time savings, but whether there are additional development benefits from these investments.
Between 70% and 80% of the microorganisms respiration was principally measured in the top layer of Ecophyltre® during the first year of operation.
The current study principally measured the QOL of landless peasants in the YRD region using the WHOQOL-BREF scale.
Access to primary health care in the US is affected by an individual's financial ability to pay for care, principally measured by insurance, and by the availability of a practitioner to provide services.
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The results for the principal component analysis provided strong evidence to indicate that items 1 to 4 principally measure PCS, and items 6 8 principally measure MCS, but that the item for vitality (item 5) correlates more strongly with PCS than MCS.
In contrast, arsenic in nails can be an excellent biomarker of exposure because it principally measures inorganic arsenic exposure, integrates exposure over several weeks, is a highly stable matrix, and is relatively impervious to external contamination or other confounders (Karagas et al. 1996, 2000, 2001a, 2001b; Nichols et al. 1998).
fMRI principally measures blood oxygen level-dependent signals that are correlated to the blood flow into different regions of the brain, which in turn give physicians information on the functional activity of specific areas of the brain [ 155].
This is achieved principally through measuring the pH of gastric aspirate (1st line test) =/- x-ray (2nd line test) (NPSA, 2011).
We next set out to determine whether or not CHD-FA was able to induce a biological response from the epithelial cells, principally by measuring changes in immune mediators.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com