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It is true that, inasmuch as primary substance is not predicable of anything, it can never form the predicate of any proposition.
For if any one should render an account of what a primary substance is, he would render a more instructive account, and one more proper to the subject, by stating the species than by stating the genus.
For primary substance is neither present in a subject nor predicated of a subject; while, with regard to secondary substances, it is clear from the following arguments (apart from others) that they are not present in a subject.
The first and primary substance is God, whose essence is perfection.
Thus, everything in the category of substance that is not itself a primary substance is, ultimately, 'said of' primary substances.
Now, given the above interpretation of the said-of and present-in relation, a primary substance is a particular that is non-accidental.
Similar(48)
According to that work, however, star instances of primary substance are familiar living beings like Socrates or an individual horse (Cat. 2a11014).
Everything except primary substances is either predicable of a primary substance or present in a primary substance.
Thus everything except primary substances is either predicated of primary substances, or is present in them, and if these last did not exist, it would be impossible for anything else to exist.
But in a secondary sense those things are called substances within which, as species, the primary substances are included; also those which, as genera, include the species.
Moreover, primary substances are most properly called substances in virtue of the fact that they are the entities which underlie every.
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