Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
primary results indicate
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "primary results indicate" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when presenting findings or conclusions drawn from initial data or research outcomes. Example: "The primary results indicate a significant correlation between the two variables studied."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
5 human-written examples
The primary results indicate this ionophore material is a potential material for developing efficient fluorescent Zn2+ chemosensors.
Science
The primary results indicate that 5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzoselenadiazole) is a promising unit for low bandgap polymer for polymer solar cells.
Science
The primary results indicate that this novel material is a promising candidate as pure blue and stable light-emitting material for display.
Science
The primary results indicate that separative power decreases with increasing feed flow rate, increases with increasing aspect ratio, and may be increased significantly by proper choice of the magnitude of the thermal and/or scoop drive.
Science
The primary results indicate that both DFT voltage and energy increase as LVEF decreases, but the difference in DFT energy between each adjacent LVEF group is very small and, even between the highest and the lowest LVEF groups is minimal (approximately 1 J).
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
55 human-written examples
The primary results indicated that the snap-back timing method is slightly more accurate than the cumulative timing method, in reference to both stable work cycles and more variable work time structure.
Although the study failed to meet the primary endpoint, results indicate that TRK-100STP may potentially prevent the decline in renal function of CKD patients independent of blood pressure or urinary protein levels.
Science
Although redirection of these proteins to the plastid could have occurred during or shortly after the primary endosymbiosis, our results indicate their targeting to plastids evolved only in the higher plant lineage, long after primary plastids were established.
Science
Recruitment to target, adherence to the protocol, and the narrow confidence intervals for the primary outcome indicate that the results are robust and sufficiently precise.
Science
Of primary importance, test results indicate that sufficiently confined square and rectangular UHSCFFTs can exhibit highly ductile behavior.
In the absence of a gold standard for assessing asthma control in primary care, the results indicate that the RCP-3Qs is an effective control assessment tool but, for maximum effect, the expanded scoring model should be used.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "primary results indicate", ensure that the results you are referring to are indeed the initial or most important findings of your study or analysis. Avoid overstating the certainty of these initial indications.
Common error
Avoid presenting "primary results indicate" as definitive conclusions. Instead, frame them as preliminary insights that require further investigation or validation.
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.4/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "primary results indicate" functions as an introductory statement to highlight the initial or most significant findings of a study or analysis. As Ludwig AI suggests, it sets the stage for further explanation or discussion of these results.
Frequent in
Science
100%
Less common in
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "primary results indicate" serves as a crucial signpost in academic and scientific writing, signaling the presentation of initial findings. As Ludwig AI verifies, it is grammatically sound and frequently used in science. While not as common, its precise function makes it invaluable for structuring research papers and reports. When using this phrase, remember that these "primary results" are preliminary and should not be presented as definitive conclusions. Consider alternatives like "initial findings suggest" to convey similar meanings with slight variations in emphasis.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
initial findings suggest
Replaces "primary results" with "initial findings", emphasizing the preliminary nature of the results.
the initial outcome indicates
Similar meaning, but replaces "results" with "outcome".
preliminary data suggests
Substitutes "results" with "data", highlighting the factual basis of the indication and it also uses "suggests" instead of "indicate".
early results imply
Uses "early results" and "imply" to convey the tentative nature of the conclusions.
first observations suggest
Highlights the observational nature of the initial findings and employs the word "suggest".
the evidence points to
Replaces the focus on "results" with "evidence", suggesting a broader base for the indication.
the pilot study indicates
Specifies the type of study providing the results
the data suggests
Focuses on the "data" as the source of the indication, removing the "primary" aspect.
initial analysis reveals
Uses "analysis" to emphasize the process and "reveals" to highlight the uncovering of information.
preliminary studies demonstrate
Specifies "studies" as the source, making it more specific than "results".
FAQs
What does "primary results indicate" mean?
The phrase "primary results indicate" suggests that the initial or most important findings from a study, experiment, or analysis point towards a particular conclusion or direction. It highlights the preliminary nature of these findings.
How can I use "primary results indicate" in a sentence?
You can use "primary results indicate" to introduce initial findings. For example, "The primary results indicate a strong correlation between diet and exercise."
What are some alternatives to "primary results indicate"?
Alternatives include "initial findings suggest", "preliminary data suggests", or "early results imply" depending on the context.
Is it appropriate to use "primary results indicate" in formal writing?
Yes, "primary results indicate" is appropriate for formal writing, especially in scientific or academic contexts. However, ensure that the language is clear and that the findings are presented as preliminary, if applicable.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.4/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested