Like last year, pharmaceutical, electronics and communications, and manufacturing companies are the most bullish, forecasting R&D spending increases of up to 12%, while firms in energy and primary materials such as mining and timber project a slight decline in spending.
For example, primary materials, such as donor blood cells, may provide a more in vivo-like situation regarding sensitivity and behaviour than artificially immortalized cell lines.
As pointed out in the previous section, the Emoter Voice is typically found in primary source materials such as autobiographical accounts, letters and diaries that are written from the perspective of historical participants and integrated into the historical work by the authorial voice.
Raman spectroscopy can be performed non-destructively on rare materials such as primary cells and stem cells.
However, such automatic updates can make it hard to know which versions of primary data have been used in derived materials (such as preliminary figures).
There is an average of 72 children per primary school classroom, and a lack of basic school materials such as textbooks.
Thin film materials such as silicon and diamond are the primary focus in the case studies.
Anal cleansing materials, such as toilet paper, are almost never provided by Kenyan primary schools and were not provided as part of the intervention.
HUVEC is a primary cell line coming from human beings, which presented a weak tolerance against hazardous materials such as carbon nanotubes.
Bruntsfield Primary School, Edinburgh: develop a dynamic outdoor area in a very urban setting, using loose materials such as wooden discs, logs, branches, rope, plastic crates, pipes, poles, tarps, trolleys, and outdoor rugs.
The SM2C is compared with a set of reference materials, such as ferrites, laminated steels, and soft magnetic composites, in terms of primary properties such as permeability and loss, and other properties, such as thermal conductivity and manufacturability.
