Sentence examples for primary immunity from inspiring English sources

Besides, the efficiency of vaccine cannot reach 100%, many children have never been vaccinated and are still susceptible to measles, and a small number children are susceptible because of the primary immunity fail [6, 13].

However, down regulation of S. tropicalis' adaptive immunity may be a consequence of the route of infection (cutaneous) and the primary immunity (AMP-mediated and inflammatory innate immunity).

This strategy non-specifically enhances primary immunity to respiratory viruses and is not restricted by the antigen specificities inherent in typical vaccination strategies.

Moreover, perinatal exposure to DBDE was suggested to cause a functional disorder of the primary immunity responding to RSV infection [ 10].

Dendritic cells (DCs) are a complex network of antigen-presenting cells that have an essential role in the modulation of primary immunity.

In addition, increasing longevity has enabled older adults to travel and participate in outdoor activities where they might be exposed to opportunistic fungal organisms that they did not encounter in their youth or for which primary immunity has waned.

As the primary immunity-eliciting antigen, hemagglutinin (HA) is the major agent for host-driven antigenic drift in A(H3N2) virus.

HDPs, usually termed antimicrobial peptides, are important components of innate immunity and provide primary immune protection [44].

Thus, TB vaccine development efforts may need to focus more on the development of booster vaccines that can effectively enhance and extend immunity triggered by primary immunization with BCG or an improved BCG vaccine [4].

The outbreak was more likely the result of one or more factors including suboptimal vaccine uptake, low primary immune responses or waning immunity in this population rather than the circulation of a strain associated with increased pathogenicity or vaccine escape.

Potential explanations for this increase include a greater than expected decline in Hib antibodies after primary immunization, waning of herd immunity after the initial catch-up campaign, and use of a less immunogenic Hib combination vaccine with diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP-Hib) in 2000 2001 (3 ).