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The most important design factors identified by the study were: the maximum possible primary flow, which needs to be suitable for the design hot water load profile; and ensuring a low temperature is returned to the store.
Smaller circulation cells near the inside edge of the ribbon superimpose a chaotic mixing flow over this primary flow, which stretches and folds fluid volumes around the ribbon according to the shape of the LCSs.
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This results in counter-rotating vortices perpendicular to primary channel flow which may also influence particle positions [ 68].
HANPPharv not only includes primary harvest flows, which are typically reported in statistical inventories, but also secondary harvest flows (e.g., used and unused crop residues or wood felling losses).
During development, motile cilia at the embryonic node generate directional fluid flow, which, together with primary (non-motile) cilia at the node periphery, propagates signals that establish the left-right body axis.
In conclusion, submitting primary human hepatocytes to culture medium flow, which mimics the blood flow in the liver, is sufficient to restore the expression of detoxification genes regulated by AhR, CAR and PXR to levels close to, or higher than, those observed in FIH.
Given that primary tumor cells require adhesion within the vasculature to invade distant organs via the bloodstream [36], [37], [38], we hypothese that E-Cadherin could support tumor cell attachment to the vessel wall to spread to distant sites via the blood flow which is the main route by which primary tumor cells invade to distant sites.
In the present study, the authors investigated whether such variations could induce changes in the microvascular flow, which is considered a primary indicator of poor perfusion.
The study found that as expected the external driving wind is the primary driving force providing 76% more internal ventilation than buoyancy driven flow, which is deemed secondary.
Primary cilia in mammalian kidneys are thought to transduce a signal from tubular flow, which somehow prevents epithelial overgrowth into cysts (17– 17).
In a coal-fired power generation unit, steam turbine performance monitoring relies on steam cycle heat balance analysis, in which the primary flow measurement accuracy is critical.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com