These appear to correspond to the time scale of (1) the reduction in the original FDNPP accident surge (primary emission source), (2) the tropospheric transportation and diffusion of the radioactive plume (equivalent to the removal of radioactive aerosols from the atmosphere), and (3) the emission intensity of re-suspension (secondary emission sources).
The chemical mixtures that we identified should be further investigated for their primary emissions sources as well as their potential cumulative and synergistic effects [ 84].
Fossil fuel combustion is the main emission source for gas pollutants, such as NOX, SO2 and CO2, and coal is now a primary energy source used worldwide with coal combustion being the greatest atmospheric pollution source in China.
This is largely because many primary CO2 emission sources co-emit aerosols with CO2.
Emission inventories suggest that motor vehicles are the primary direct emission sources of fine and UFPs to the atmosphere in urban areas (Hitchins et al. 2000; Zhu et al. 2002b).
It is important to distinguish between primary and secondary emission sources of Hg.
Our results suggest that pollutant components linked to emission sources of primary PM2.5 OC, quasi-UFP (PM0.25), and PN concentrations are associated with increased systemic inflammation, platelet activation, and decreased circulating erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity in elderly people with CAD.
Nitro-PAHs (NPAHs), which are nitro-derivatives of PAHs, also are widely distributed in the environment, and result from both primary emissions from combustion sources and atmospheric transformations of PAHs.
It is possible that PM2.5, which originates from primary emissions from combustion sources and from secondary formation in the atmosphere, has different chronic health impacts than larger coarse particles (PM with aerodynamic diameters between 2.5 and 10 μm; PM10 2.5) because of their different composition.
The emission sources were greatest from the combustion during the primary milling simulation of the BC-HWPv1, peaking at 28 Mt CO2e in 1987 (Figure5b).
