We estimated three deep (Precambrian) divergences in the eukaryote tree using the primary (bird-mammal) calibration and MGLLS (see Methods).
We found that forests that were selectively logged at least 30 years ago contained only 73 75% of the 159 species of extant primary forest birds, with an increased proportion of dominant species.
Resource abundance and variables that were closely related to forest disturbance such as the density of large trees, density of dead trees, canopy cover density and shrub volume influenced the distribution of the primary forest birds.
For most of its short tenure in Southern California, West Nile has been a transitory epidemic, peaking every four years, in response to the rise and fall of the immune cycle of its primary host, birds that perch at night to sleep.
These efforts have focused on disease "hotspots", where WNV-infected vectors (mosquitoes), primary hosts (birds), and secondary mammalian hosts (including humans) co-occur in close proximity.
This season has seen an unusual number of the endangered roseate terns arrive on Great Gull Island from one of their other primary homes, Bird Island in Massachusetts, as well as from Maine, Connecticut and the South Shore of Long Island.
Therefore, a trend towards shorter primaries in birds with longer ta remains a possibility [1] and required further investigation.
During the 2008 primaries, when Bird was organizing South Carolina for Obama, he ignored the advice of local political leaders about how to rally voters, and encouraged Obama campaign staffers to embed themselves in places like barbershops and beauty salons, which became hubs for organizers in African-American and Hispanic neighborhoods.
The researchers found that the birds' primary feathers - the main flight feathers along the outer edges of their wings - slide as they flap.
