Although all analyses relied on 95% confidence intervals to describe the strength of associations between possible predictors and model outcomes, for completeness p-values were occasionally calculated for primary associations of interest, and in these situations exact p-values were presented to clarify the strength of the statistical relationships.
The author reported gene for each loci was selected as the primary association for each disease.
We have shown here that this association is probably due to a primary association with positivity for ZnT8A and not with IA-2A positivity directly.
Interestingly, initial findings associated the HLA class I A*01 and B*08 genes with susceptibility to celiac disease (CD), though further analysis showed a primary association with alleles encoding for HLA DQ2/8 molecules [15].
With respect to misspecification, models with more or less stringent time trend or temperature control did not meaningfully change the estimated primary model associations for these relationships (i.e., CVD with OC, Oct, Non, and Nor; and CHF with Nor, Hop, Fe, and O3) or others (see Supplemental Material, Tables S3 and S5).
We used MAGWAS multivariate analysis of covariance model (Brown et al. 2012b) for primary association mapping.
The primary association analyses were adjusted for sex, age, population stratification, and cohort (Model A) and sex, age, population stratification, cohort, and APOE-ɛ4 (Model B).
In one of four primary association analyses, the association signal for marker rs4141463, located within MACROD2, crossed the genome-wide association significance threshold of P < 5 × 10−8.
This will provide for good estimation of our primary association and reasonable control of confounding.
Adjustment for BMI attenuated this osteoarthritis signal, indicating that the primary association is with BMI.
Abbreviations: PT, Physical Therapist; DPT, Doctor of Physical Therapy; APTA, American Physical Therapy Association (primary professional association for US physical therapists).
