Sentence examples for primarily activated by from inspiring English sources

VEGF, VEGF-B, and PlGF can bind and activate VEGFR-1, whereas VEGFR-2 is primarily activated by VEGF, and VEGFR-3 activation is only triggered by VEGF-C and VEGF-D [ 24].

Although JNK/SMAD signaling is primarily activated by resistance exercise, a subset of individuals displays activation of JNK/SMAD signaling with endurance exercise (Figs. 3 & 7).

TRPM2, a calcium-permeable cation channel primarily activated by intracellular adenosine-diphosphate ribose (ADPR) [ 69, 70], shows enhanced activation with exposure to hydrogen peroxide and elevated oxidative stress and leads to cell death.

In healthy humans, this novel JNK/SMAD2 signaling axis is primarily activated by resistance exercise, but not significantly activated by endurance (cycling) exercise (Fig. 7).

L-type calcium channels are primarily activated by depolarizing membrane potentials, raising important questions on how these channels may be regulated in non-excitable cells.

N-alkylnitrosamines with relatively short alkyl chains such as NDMA and NMEA were primarily activated by CYP2E1 as judged by mutagen-producing capacity.

The "intrinsic" pathway is primarily activated in cardiac myocytes by cellular stimuli, such as hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion, and oxidative stress, which perturb the mPTP and increase the permeability of the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes [ 77].

By using a "rotate, then tilt" paradigm [18] the stimulus primarily activated the otolith organs of the inner ear and produced motion sickness in susceptible subjects [19].

Because virB is primarily activated during infection, we attempted to test whether these virulent genes were affected by the virB during macrophage cell infection.

There is now considerable evidence that lubiprostone primarily activates CFTR by binding to the basolateral prostaglandin receptor EP4.

33 In turn, POMC is processed to produce α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH), which leads to hypophagia by primarily activating the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R).