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The suspicion is that some credit-related funds have been valuing their assets on the basis of prices derived from models, rather than real markets.
In the mid-1970s a few progressive occupants of Chicago's options pits started trading with the aid of sheets of theoretical prices derived from a model and sold by an economist called Fisher Black.
This paper assesses the impacts on the cement, steel and oil refining sectors in Spain of the carbon prices derived from the European Emissions Trading Scheme EU ETSS), and the potential effect on these sectors of the European Union anti-leakage policy measures.
Notice that all equilibrium prices derived as Eqs.
Here, we show the magnitude of the relationship among equilibrium prices derived in the previous section.
Profit efficiency score of each DMU is dependent on its corresponding optimal output and input weights, or shadow prices derived from the above linear programming Model 5.
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(Mr. Wall's high prices derive in part from the fact that he has been staging pictures for more than 25 years. But more important, his background in conceptual art, rather than in photography, allows his works to be sold in the contemporary art auctions in the company of Warhol and Jasper Johns).
Stock prices derive solely from shifts in supply and demand for stocks, nothing else.
11The VIX could be an indicator of idiosyncratic risk if some of the volatility of average stock prices derives from redistribution shocks, but otherwise might be better interpreted as an aggregate risk indicator.
Therefore, it is easy to see that prices for goods with large economies of scale and those with lower economies of scale are higher for community B than those for A. In this scenario, trade exists due to economies of scale, and it is determined by the differential price derived from the Cultural Factor.
First, if one sets switching costs to zero, the price derived in (7) offers an original unification of the equilibrium prices found in the search models of Anderson and Renault (1999) and Wolinsky (1986) that assume market coverage and non-market coverage, respectively.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com