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"This project would require dredging 1.1m cubic metres of previously undisturbed seagrass habitat within the world heritage area and dumping the dredge spoil adjacent to nearby coastal wetlands".
Since 1998 the previously undisturbed wetland has been considerably modified by the adjacent Deep-water Navigation Channel project (DNC).
The modelling demonstrated that simulated pig disturbance in previously undisturbed areas produced lower erosion rates compared to those areas which had not been impacted by pigs.
This indicates that the volume of the crater produced in previously undisturbed ground, or one that significantly excavates pre-existing topography, can provide a reasonable minimum threshold for the ejecta volume under controlled conditions.
Whether in the Caribbean or along previously undisturbed areas of the Mediterranean coast, they created bolt-holes for themselves and their friends, where they could escape the reminders of the war years.
Here, we analysed a field experiment carried out over 12 years ago, to compare three planted and three reference mangrove stands (natural and previously undisturbed), with no attempt to remove the various causes of disturbance.
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In drilling deep wells, the farmers extract ground water, which had been previously left undisturbed.
Similarities between the bird communities on previously disturbed and undisturbed sites in Great Smoky Mountains National Park may exceed those on more fragmented landscapes because large patches of primary forest, adjacent to commercially logged sites, remained in the park when it was established in 1935.
"Sediment is typically caused by silt from the bottom of a reservoir getting stirred up and mixed in with the water supply," he said, explaining that as water levels in reservoirs fall, silt that had previously been underwater and undisturbed becomes exposed.
Mice were weaned on PD 20/21, maintained in social groups as previously described and left undisturbed until the conditioning phase of the experiment.
Hence, the effect is less marked in areas which have been previously cultivated compared with undisturbed forests (Bohlén et al. 2004 a ), probably because earthworms affect soil similarly to ploughing (Frelich et al. 2006).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com