Sentence examples for previous playback from inspiring English sources
The previous playback experience will affect the following playback condition.
In a previous playback experiment, she and her colleagues showed that elephants will often come aggressively toward the loudspeaker when they hear lions (their other predator) roaring, apparently to drive them off.
Banded mongooses produce different 'close calls' during different activities (searching, moving, digging, and so on), and previous playback experiments with this species showed that both pups and adults can recognize other individuals from their calls [ 10].
Our finding on males recognizing maternal kin is in line with results from previous playback experiments showing that calls of maternally related females elicit a stronger response in females than calls uttered by more distant or unrelated females (Rendall et al. 1996).
Previous playback studies have demonstrated that male and female subjects pay particular attention to the calls of their associates and are sensitive to the social events their bond partners and/or competitors are involved in (Bergman et al. 2006; Crockford et al. 2007; Lemasson et al. 2008).
Furthermore, we noted the identities of nearby individuals and tallied the number of previous playbacks each individual heard that year.
We detected some relationship between the number of previous playbacks an animal heard and its antipredator response.
A slight habituation effect was observed; marmots exposed to higher numbers of previous playbacks foraged more than those individuals less familiar with alarm call playbacks.
Glucocorticoid metabolite concentration was log-10 transformed, and the number of previous playbacks heard was log-10 (x + 1) transformed to homogenize variances and better approximate normal distributions.
Condition and the number of previous playbacks heard influenced overall model fit the least, while pup presence appears to be the most influential fixed effect (Table 3).
The best model (providing the lowest AIC and AICc) included fixed effects of age class, sex, pup presence, glucocorticoid concentration, number of previous playbacks heard, and body condition.
