(This also the assumption in previous kin-selection models [ 5, 13, 14]).
The model is different from previous kin-selection models in that it examines the effect of competition between the transmission stages produced by all infected individuals in a large population of susceptible hosts.
Previous studies on kin discrimination in the dictyostelids have given differing results depending on the species used.
Second, previous studies examining kin recognition and inbreeding avoidance in mice have used only MHC types derived from laboratory strains (e.g., [3 5, 21, 22]).
Unlike previous applications of kin-cohort estimation [17], [19] [21], we could not assume that the censoring events were independent of the mutations under study because diagnosis of a BRCA1/2 mutation-related cancer made the unknown genotype more likely to include a mutation.
Neither of Sir Michael Stoute's previous Derby winners, Kris Kin and North Light, ever managed to win another race after their Epsom glories and both horses have disappeared into relative obscurity in their breeding careers.
Discrimination by association involves identifying individuals as kin through previous direct familiarity with each of them [30].
Wild-type TCLs formed ARs only in the presence of IBA + Kin, confirming previous results (Falasca et al., 2004).
Previous models of genetic kin recognition have mostly assumed random mating and haploidy (precluding heterozygosity), so the effect of mating systems on Crozier's paradox is currently unclear.
In the LSR study information about medical history was obtained from subjects (or when applicable from next-of-kin or previous medical records) at baseline investigation (for cases - in connection to stroke onset; for control subjects - in connection to clinical examination for inclusion in the LSR study).
