Our findings confirm this hypothesis by identifying a molecule, which prevents extra centrosomes clustering in mitosis and exclusively eradicates human cancer cells with supernumerary centrosomes without impairing normal proliferating cells.
Much less is known, however, about molecular players that prevent formation of supernumerary spine synapses (Chung and Barres, 2012; Mironova and Giger, 2013).
Indeed, NMDAR blockade prevent the regression of supernumerary climbing fiber synapses in Purkinje cells [44].
In these insects, application of JH or JHA can prevent normal metamorphic events, resulting in a supernumerary larval molt.
However, homozygosity for Uhg1 1 in such a setting did not reduce tumor mass, nor did it prevent the brat knock-down induced reversion of intermediate progenitor cells to supernumerary neuroblasts (not shown).
Queen primer pheromones of S. invicta, a focus of much attention in LI08, have been shown to attract workers to tend reproductive queens, prevent reproduction by alate queens in the nest, inhibit sexualization of female larvae, and, in monogyne colonies, mediate worker imprinting on the mother queen and execution of supernumerary reproductives [reviewed in 4].
In accordance, PJ-34 prevented the bipolar clustering of supernumerary centrosomes in these cells, causing multipolar spindles and aberrant chromosomes alignment detected within 18 hours after PJ-34 application.
The discovered potency of PJ-34 in preventing bipolar clustering of extra centrosomes in mitosis may pave the way for a new efficient therapy lacking intolerable side effects, which is based on compounds that exclusively target the unique dependence of many human cancer cells on their supernumerary centrosomes clustering for their survival.
Vitrification was performed for the following reasons: in 173 cycles supernumerary oocytes were available; in five cycles hyperstimulation syndrome needed to be prevented; in one cycle no sperm was available on the day of ovum pick-up; and in three cycles for genetic analysis was performed.
At a gross level, the mutant over-branching and supernumerary bouton formation were eliminated (Fig. 4A), and, at a fine scale, the accumulation of developmentally arrested satellite boutons was prevented (Fig. 4B).
