In years where harvest selection is weak and nonretention prevalent, nonretention selection may negate the selective effects of harvest.
However, it is unclear how prevalent disruptive selection is among populations of S. multiplicata or how ecological variation impacts the mode and strength of selection in this system.
Nevertheless, we have found a pattern of polymorphism genome wide that is consistent with a significant amount of constraint on the replacement changes and prevalent negative selection.
As mentioned, the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous variants (ω = π a /π s ) was smaller than 1 in all genes (Table 3), indicating prevalent purifying selection.
We also found a larger proportion of NDGs falling into the lower 5% tail of null SMP distribution than those of PGs and RGs (table 4), implying prevalent natural selection on NDGs.
Our estimation of ω along sites, branches and specific clades documents a scenario of prevalent purifying selection that agrees with previous analyses of class B genes and other floral organ identity genes [ 13, 14, 22, 80].
If NSC becomes more prevalent in New York, selection of resistant varieties may become more important for New York producers.
If BSR becomes more prevalent in New York, selection of resistant varieties may become more important for New York producers.
When the most compatible conformations of both partners are most prevalent, the conformation selection theory becomes the lock key theory [1].
Interestingly, however, those polymorphisms are concentrated in a minority of sites, with strong purifying selection prevalent in 70% to 80% of the residues in buffalo and cattle parasites, respectively (Table 2, Fig. 1bB and 1C).
