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HPV status variables (described above) were included as either fixed (for prevalent, cumulative or persistent/non-persistent infection) or time-dependent covariates (for concurrent or recent infection).
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Effects of left truncation were observed in a study of lung cancer and silica exposure where exposure was inversely associated with lung cancer mortality among prevalent hires, despite greater cumulative exposure (Applebaum et al. 2007).
Further research into the cumulative impacts of prevalent subsets of chemicals is also needed.
Among older adults, dental health problems are cumulative and just as prevalent as in childhood.
The annual number of prevalent cases (a reflection of the cumulative incidence) is remarkably similar over calendar time, as is the number of boys active in the population from 2004 2010.
Low BMD (T-score < -1 SD) is associated with age, menopause, <span class="lh">prevalent fracture, low dietary calcium intake, cumulative CS dose, long disease duration, advanced-stage dyspnoea (III or IV), lymphopenia, high ESR and low creatinine clearance.
Based on monthly averaged KT, the monthly variations of cumulative frequency of KT, f, and prevalent climatic conditions, the annual sky conditions have been classified into six patterns: three patterns each for the two broad seasons, dry and rainy.
To estimate the prevalence until 2022, we used the projected incidence rates and applied these to the medium projected population estimates for the province of Ontario, adding the cumulative projected incidence cases to the prevalent population in 2009.
Uterine fibroids are the most prevalent benign uterine tumors and have an age-specific cumulative incidence in the United States that is nearly 70%% among white women and greater than 80%% among black women [1].
Before this work, the prevalent theories of tissue decline in aging focused on cumulative cell intrinsic changes as culprits: telomere attrition, DNA damage, oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, etc).
The study showed that women with a prevalent infection of high-risk HPV had a 4% cumulative risk for CC in 6 years, whereas those tested negative had little risk.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com