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In addition, the prevalence of disasters such as floods and droughts has increased sharply since 2010, placing more of a burden on institutions responsible for WASH service provision.
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That figure will continue to grow as the prevalence of natural disasters increases because of climate change.
The White House on Friday released a report on the effects of climate change, which offered a grim outlook for human health, the economy and the prevalence of natural disasters, including wildfires and flooding.
To examine the prevalence and correlates of disaster-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and needs for psychological care in older persons affected by Hurricane Ike.
Such studies have found that PTSD prevalence among first responders ranges from 10 to 20%, which is intermediate between the prevalence rates of direct victims of disasters (30 to 40%) and the general population (5 to 10%) [ 5, 6].
Studies conducted within one year of disasters report prevalence figures for PTSD such as: 4.5% three months after the 1999 earthquake in Ano Liosia, Greece [ 3]; 5% three months following hurricane Hugo [ 2] and 3% of males and 9% females 6 months after Hurricane Andrew [ 4].
"We're very concerned about the increasing prevalence of conflicts and natural disasters and the amount of stress they put on communities," Saxena said.
Other studies not included in our review examined the prevalence of MDD after natural disasters or chronic exposure to trauma.
This last consideration is of major concern due to the relevant prevalence of headache in natural disaster setting, the prognostic severity of secondary forms and the high risk of chronic headache.
Given the high prevalence of mental health problems after disasters it is important to study health services utilization.
We were not restrictive in the definition of psychological resilience, but we excluded studies that did not define and measure psychological resilience as the study outcome (e.g. studies measuring the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder after disasters were discarded).
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