Presuming the modified Malpighian tubule tips retain some of the same functionality as the remainder of the tubules, both samples would share many of the same transcripts.
We presume thoracoplasty modifies the growth and development of the lung, improving alveolar structure, which may ultimately improve the ability of the lungs for gas exchange.
These unique, black sieve-like structures are presumed to be modified gill rakers.
The KC-MBON synapses are presumed to be modified in the course of memory formation by the reinforcing dopamine neurons (Tomchik and Davis, 2009; Gervasi et al., 2010; Sejourne et al., 2011; Cervantes-Sandoval et al., 2013; Placais et al., 2013; Boto et al., 2014).
As such, pathology in ALS appears distinct from AD and Lewy body spectrum-diseases, in which extent and intensity of the tauopathy and alpha-synucleinopathy, respectively, are presumed to be modified by disease duration with a spectrum of pre-clinical pathologic stages [ 16, 20].
For example, the identification of disease-associated genetic variations, which are presumed to cause modified immune responses and precede the onset of disease symptoms, could inform stratification of patients into more phenotypically homogeneous subgroups and provide testable hypotheses regarding response to treatment.
In addition, we examine whether the prophylactic effect of CT was due to CT tackling illness related risk factors for recurrence such as residual symptoms or to its efficacy to modify presumed vulnerability factors of recurrence (e.g. rigid explicit and/or implicit dysfunctional attitudes).
Therefore these cells are presumed to be 100% modified by H3K4me3.
Invoking a multiplicative model in which risk modified a presumed underlying polygenic effect, they estimated that the variants that are known to cause AT in the bi-allelic state confer, on average, a moderately increased risk of breast cancer of about 2.4-fold (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.51 to 3.78) (see also [ 14]).
Even if the treatments modify one presumed defect, the person is likely to come up with another, and another, and another, leading to a vicious cycle of costly and often deforming as well as ineffective remedies.
