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Because indices of landscape greenness are increasingly being used to relate wildlife population demographics to precipitation through a presumed effect on forage quality and resultant nutritional condition, we caution this use in arid environments unless a direct landscape greenness-forage quality or greenness-condition link is demonstrated.
A further possibility would be to produce a combined weight based on both allele frequency and presumed effect.
This shifts the onerous burden of proof of observational studies, where the researcher is obliged to exclude potential confounders one by one as possible explanations of a presumed effect.
A typical procedure is to let the data inform the choice: The cutpoint that provides the clearest contrast between the exposed and unexposed is judged to be the right one, the "most sensitive" to the presumed effect.
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But some of the other presumed effects are not so clear.
Nonetheless, the papers reporting reduced rates of each illness usually included fascinating sections proposing possible mechanisms of such effects, related to the presumed effects of estrogen on derangements in brain chemistry.
Distasteful as these statistical adjustments are for the cognoscenti of evidence based medicine, no such analyses exist for assessing the presumed effects of the parachute.There's much, much more.
Content analyses and studies of control of media industries are typically designed against a backdrop of presumed effects of messages on behavior.
By investigating LBA in a field-study based on ESM utilizing participants' own smartphone devices this study corroborates the presumed effects of location- semi congruency on marketing relocation- semi congruency
Baseline was compared to the treatment period months 6 to 9, following the hypothesis that presumed effects of atorvastatin on inflammatory disease activity would be detectable after at least 6 months of treatment [6], [8].
When we extrapolate our findings to clinical models, the presumed effects are twofold.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com