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If the pressure release phase is sufficiently brief, alveoli will be stabilized by two mechanisms: pressure and time.
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pressure during release phase.
No lower limit pressure during the release phase was set.
On slow pressure release, a simple tetragonal phase with 12 atoms per unit cell (ST12) [19, 20] forms, while a metastable body-centered cubic structure with eight atoms per unit cell (denoted BC8) [21] forms on fast pressure release.
Upon pressure release, Si-II undergoes a further phase transformation to a mixed-phase of Si-III (bc8, body-centered-cubic structure) and Si-XII (r8, rhombohedral structure) at a low unloading rate while it transforms to the α-Si phase at a fast unloading rate [3, 7, 8].
Upon pressure release, part of the highly pressured Si-II phase would transform to a mixed-phase of metastable Si-III and Si-XII.
APRV strategies on some ventilators have deviated from the original concept of a timed CPAP with a release phase, by adding pressure support (PS).
During pressure release Si-II further transforms into several metastable phases including amorphous silicon, body-centered-cubic Si-III phase, rhombohedral distortion Si-XII phase [15] and, hexagonal diamond phase Si-IV [16].
In contrast, biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP) [ 4] and airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) [ 5] allow unrestricted spontaneous breathing in any phase of the mechanical cycle.
According to previous studies, the β-tin structure of germanium may undergo phase transformation into BC8-Ge or ST12-Ge on pressure release, and the transformation path depends on the rate of pressure release.
The end-expiratory pressure in APRV was taken to be the lowest value during the expiratory release phase after accounting for tracheal tube compensation.
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