"China," declared its deputy foreign minister, "faces numerous problems left over from the past and mounting pressure posed by a vast population, shortage of resources and environmental degradation.
As I wrote last year, the pressure posed by ethnic unrest is the biggest story on the Chinese horizon, and that struggle — the pressure from below, and the response it will bring — just moved into the foreground.
Furthermore, selective pressure posed by vaccination was found in virus evolution in the country.
Instead, resistance in influenza viruses infecting humans is most likely due to the selection pressure posed by the global OE administration in humans.
However, such landscape structures also decreased the selection pressure posed by the crop which resulted, over longer time scales, in reduced aggressiveness of the pathogen population on the crop at equilibrium.
It is clear that the mobilome as a joint bacterial response to the selective pressure posed by humans plays a central role in the 'arms race' between pathogens and humans.
On the other hand, old drugs may have avoided overuse, unlike other broad-spectrum antibiotics, thus contributing to limit the selective pressure posed by the latter, which facilitates the spread of emerging resistant bacteria.
On the other hand, ii) if bacterial defence against phages and protists is positively correlated, the strong selective pressure posed by multiple enemies is expected to lead to the emergence of bacteria that are less vulnerable to phage infections than bacteria from the phage-only environments.
As a consequence, selection pressure posed by the crop increased with the pathogen's ability to disperse which facilitated the emergence of a crop pathogen (Table 3), decreased the time required for crop pathogen emergence to occur (Fig. 8A and Table 4) and increased the mean aggressiveness of the pathogen population on the crop at equilibrium (Fig. 8B and Table 4).
Theoretically, an additional increase in the risk seen in the combination group could be brought about by loperamide: because of its antimotility effect, contact time of the AMD to the gut lumen is increased, and the selection pressure posed by the AMD may be prolonged, thus intensifying its unfavorable effects.
