Maintaining muscle function is vital to maintain functional independence.
In the face of demographic chance [ 2], preserving functional status, mobility and thus independence in old age is more and more challenging for the society.
As the population of the United States ages, activities to maintain or improve cognitive function will become increasingly important to preserve functional ability, independence and health-related quality of life.
Similarly, the inclusion of measures of frailty into cost-utility analyses would aid in identifying subgroups of ICU patients for whom the ICU would be least likely to preserve quality-adjusted survival and/or functional independence.
Cognitive function was strongly associated with functional independence and QOL at baseline.
The functional independence measure was used to assess function.
The functional assessment included the Fugl-Meyer upper extremity (F-M UE) scale and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) as measurements of motor function and independence, respectively.
This confirms that good design results not from functional Independence of functional requirements but from such well-structured functional knowledge.
Yet evidence about recovery to preoperative levels of functional independence is limited.
Stineman MG, Ross RN, Fiedler R, Granger CV, Maislin G. Functional Independence Staging: conceptual foundation, face validity, and empirical derivation.
