Because the vector modeling the transient activation of the presentation of the instruction and the vector modeling the sustained activation are correlated, we cannot completely rule out the possibility that there is sustained activation in the paracingulate area.
For each of 4 trial types (Instr Sem, Instr Phon, Self Sem, and Self Phon), sustained activation was modeled as epochs with onsets time locked to the presentation of the instruction and with a duration matched to the length of the delay.
Following the presentation of these instructions, participants had to complete a tutorial and correctly answer a series of questions to check that they understood the directions regarding how to use this different test format and how it would be scored before they were allowed to continue.
The material (wooden kits, yellow, read and blue balls), the way of presentation and the instructions were similar to experiment 1.
For example, lateral PFC activity has been linked with cue specification and elaboration processes occurring prior to the instigation of a reality-monitoring retrieval search (Dobbins et al., 2002; Simons, Gilbert, et al., 2005), associated with the presentation of retrieval instructions rather than target stimuli (Simons et al., 2008).
But what was once largely implicit is now often explicit: many contemporary works of art are defined by a set of instructions for their presentation; the instructions determine what is part of the work and what is not, and whether the work is singular or multiply instantiable.
A timed PowerPoint presentation displayed the instructions and served as time keeper for the test to ensure equality of treatment among the subjects in the various classes.
Thus, including presentations of short reminders of the instructions before each block (10 s for the experimental, 2 s for the reaction time task), a session lasted for approximately 12 min. Participants were allowed to rest between sessions.
A single trial began with a 1000 ms presentation of instruction in the middle of the screen (Figure 1) that differentiated trials into two visual encoding conditions.
Categorical and coordinate processing appears to already differentiate during the encoding stage in the P300 complex (300 500 ms after presentation of the first stimulus), where instruction interacts significantly with hemisphere in the parietal area.
