A carapace may be absent, present or secondarily lost, and may cover the head, part or all of the thorax and some of the abdomen.
If no intact orthologue (defined as an intact ORF spanning at least both homeoboxes) was found, but fragments of a decayed DUX gene could be identified in the same region (e.g. with stop codons, frameshifts, or deletion of individual exons), the orthologue was deemed to be not present or secondarily lost in that species.
The resolution of array CGH technology combined with human genome database suggested the possible target genes present in the gained or lost clones.
Despite our expectations that large alternatively spliced exons of the Gr39a would experience similar selective constraints and stabilizing selection, we found evidence of relaxation in the selective constraints on exon A (which is prone to duplication) and exon E. Exon E is either present as a single copy or lost in some lineages, while exon A has multiply duplicated in most species.
Change blindness, in which subjects fail to notice that a stimulus presented in RSVP has added or lost a feature.
After every trial, written feedback ("correct"/ incorrect") and an indication of whether a point had been won or lost were presented on the screen (1,500 ms).
The larger the investment, the more can potentially be gained or lost, so that present gains affect future payoffs.
Hence at least 25% of the pseudogenes present in M. ulcerans Agy99 - or lost from this isolate by deletion - are shared by all extant M. ulcerans isolates and indicates that significant remodelling and adaptation through reductive evolution was occurring in the M. ulcerans MRCA before the global radiation of the species.
With a Thursday deadline looming for Alitalia to present a rescue plan or lose its operating license next week, idling more than 19,000 workers, Mr. Berlusconi canceled a visit to the United Nations to attend to the crisis.
