While evidence suggests academic detailing is associated with improvements in prescribing behavior, uncertainty exists about generalizability and scalability in diverse settings.
Such situations result in diagnostic uncertainty, which can either promote antibiotic use if uncertainty leads to prescribing, or impede antibiotic use if uncertainty leads to further observing the course of infection.
Doctors have inadequate training in non-pharmacological methods, which means that there is uncertainty about prescribing physical activity.
Moreover, progress in microbiologic detection and identification of infectious pathogens is likely to influence diagnostic uncertainty and prescribing patterns of antimicrobial drugs.
Clinicians expressed uncertainty more often when prescribing antibiotics than when not prescribing antibiotics (30% vs. 12%; p < 0.001).
Daily controller medications are used preventively and are currently used in more severe cases, so the use of these medications usually indicates more severe disease; however, the inconsistency with which these medications are prescribed lends considerable uncertainty to this statement.
Clinicians expressed uncertainty more often when prescribing antibiotics (30%) than when not prescribing antibiotics (12%; p < 0.001).
European studies describe clinical reasons for prescribing antibiotics such as diagnostic uncertainty, fear of making an error of omission (i.e., not prescribing an antibiotic when it was indicated), and reliance on certain clinical factors like lung findings, fever, shortness of breath, sputum production, or crackles [ 26, 27].
Results of the base-case analysis suggest that TF-CBT + SSRI is more cost-effective than TF-CBT alone, however, considering the uncertainty associated with prescribing SSRIs to children and adolescents, clinicians and parents may exercise some caution in choosing this treatment alternative.
