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Intriguingly, all sites under positive diversifying selection are located on the surface of the protein, a prerequisite for interaction with the putative host detection-system (Figure 1).
The disposition of β1,3 glucan on C. albicans cell surface, an essential prerequisite for interaction with the protective anti-β-glucan mAb, is a matter of controversy.
In conjunction with our observation that a single point mutation (D70K) in NOD2 CARD1 is capable of interfering with NLRP binding, we therefore propose that in addition to the acidic patch located in CARD1, the proper overall folding of CARD1 and at least part of the CARD2 are prerequisite for interaction of NOD2 with NRLP proteins as well as RIPK2.
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Since protein co-localization is the first prerequisite for interactions, this should be proven by fluorescence microscopy, and by using parallel labeling strategies to locate subcellularly the interaction of interest.
Stimulation of PMN with IL-8, especially after previous treatment with TNF-α, leads to PR3 translocation to the cell surface [ 53], thus providing the prerequisite for interactions with PR3-ANCA, which directly activates diverse inflammatory reactions in PMN [ 54].
In some cases, modification of a binding site is a prerequisite for an interaction, while in other cases modification can further enhance the strength of an interaction (61 63).
Because UBXN7 preferentially interacted with neddylated-CUL2 and cullin-neddylation was a prerequisite for the interaction to occur, we became intrigued with the possibility that the NEDD8 modification on cullins might be directly involved in recruiting UBXN7.
The ability to recognize emotions is a prerequisite for interpersonal interaction and essential for emotional competencies.
Phosphorylation is the prerequisite for the interaction of CBP (CREB-binding protein), a co-activator that has also histone acetyltransferase activity.
These data suggest that nuclear translocation of PINCH1 is a prerequisite for its interaction with WT1 in podocytes.
Cell entry of HPV is initiated by binding of the virus particle to cell surface receptors, a prerequisite for subsequent interaction with the elusive uptake receptor, internalization and deliver of the genetic material into the nucleus of the target cell [16] [19].
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