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Commonly used methods for preparation of mutant viral genomes from recombinant vectors are laborious and give variable yields and quality.
Site directed mutagenesis and preparation of mutant proteins were conducted as described in the Methods section.
To facilitate the preparation of mutant genes, various methods of multiple site-directed and saturation mutagenesis have been developed.
The known ability of E. coli EF-Tu to aggregate is a particular problem for the isolation of EF-Tu mutants expressed in E. coli because of the potential for the abundant untagged endogenous cellular protein to associate with the tagged mutant protein and thereby be retained on the Ni-NTA resin and contaminate the final preparation of mutant protein.
In vitro functional studies of identified missense mutations (Ala314Val, Gly386Arg, Tyr470Ser, Arg85Leu, Arg445Cys, co-expressed Arg85Leu Arg445Cys) were performed after preparation of mutant constructs of human DAT from wild-type pCIN4-hDAT, as previously described (primers available on request) (Kurian et al., 2009, 2011 a ; Stouffer et al., 2011).
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All efforts were made to prevent contamination of the wt enzyme in the preparation of mutants and vice versa (for example, different columns for purification were used).
Details for the preparation of mutants N202A, Q228A, and Q228E are included in the Supporting Information.
Note relatively fewer oligomeric species (fractions III and II) in the preparations of mutant proteins.
Phenol-chloroform preparations of mutant strain genomic DNA were made and the GPN genes were amplified using flanking primers.
(A) Quantification of stereocilia tip shape from SEM preparations of mutant Myo15 ΔN/ΔN and Myo15 +/ΔN IHCs at P4, P6 and P8.
(A – C ) Tip to tip measurements of IHC stereocilia heights from SEM preparations of mutant Myo15 ΔN/ΔN and normal hearing Myo15 +/ΔN littermates at P4, P6 and P8.
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