Overall the authors note that night and weekend work tends to be less desirable, as it is often performed by people with fewer skills and employers typically offer a premium wage for it.
Two types of immigrants dominate in the US today: Under-educated, under-skilled peoples fleeing poverty in their home country and highly-skilled, highly-talented people fleeing to the US for premium wages.
"The Place Premium: Wage Differences for Identical Workers Across the US Border". HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series RWP09-004, January 2009.
Matthes and van Marken, who was called a welfare engineer by his contemporaries, developed a premium wage system for his factory workers of the Nederlandsche Gist & Spiritusfabriek NV (1869), under which all employees could receive bonuses of two to 20 percent of their salary in addition to their basic salary "for good work and because of zeal".
Last year, Chopra told the Senate Banking Committee that the so-called college wage premium, or the difference between wages for those with a college degree and those without, has increased in recent years only because earnings of non-degree holders have been falling, rather than a college degree "becoming more valuable".
The facts are that since 2002, health insurance premiums have increased 185%, while wages for the bottom 70% of our state have remained stagnant.
Employers are allowed to charge employees a premium equal to 9.5percentt of their wages for this type of coverage.
I've written before about the growing wage premium for college degrees: how the wage gap between workers with a bachelor's degree and workers with no more than a high school diploma has been growing over the years.
"There appears to be no penalty for obesity, but rather a wage premium for slim women". Women's average earnings fell slowly for each pound or kilogram over that level.
The union wage premium is 14.5percentt for black women, 18.7percentt for Hispanic women, 12.6percentt for Asian women, and 9.1percentt for white women.
