It is an uphill struggle even for schools that put a high premium on languages, such as Tolworth Girls' in Surrey.
Thanks to digital media, there is a greater premium on written language than at any time since the 18th century and for millions of users, one's online reputation rises or falls on the ability to make relatively sophisticated written-down jokes.
Judge Drain found the "premium, if any" language to be insufficient to "overcome or satisfy the requirement under New York law that a make-whole be payable specifically notwithstanding acceleration or payment prior to the original maturity date under the terms of the parties' agreements". Id. at 16.
Viki, the video streaming site that has carved out a niche for itself as a destination for premium, subtitled, foreign language streamed video content — some 1.5 billion streams today, all translated by crowdsourcing — has renovated itself in a bid to scale up to improve its advertising-led business model.
For example, because half of the residents in its service area are Latino, United was one of the first companies to offer, for an additional charge, Spanish-language premium channels such as Galavision, said district manager Richard Glascock.
To attract the growing Asian population in cities such as Monterey Park and Alhambra, Choice Television was the first to go into partnership with Hong Kong-TVB to offer Chinese-language premium programs through the Jade channel, said Choice's regional manager, Craig Watson.
Big employers in Asia, especially those that have got burned in their past dealings with local governments, are putting a premium on local knowledge, language and connections.
Political repression began in the 1970s when the then president Houari Boumediene began a system of Arabisation, placing an exclusive premium on the common language.
See, McDonough, Inside National Health Reform (2011) at 89. Pertinent to King v. Burwell, the Senate Amendment was a deliberate "merger" of the two committee proposals consisting mostly of the Finance bill and adding the HELP federal fallback but without the premium credit tie-in language.
Buyers must be informed of the overall cost of the insurance contract and, before signing it, must be given standard information, free of charge, on the type of insurance, obligations under the contract, risks insured and excluded and means of payment and premiums, in clear, plain language.
So if Mr Saiz had run his language-premium study against a parallel-universe America, in which the last half-century had been a golden age of language-learning, he might have found a bigger foreign-language bonus (and a bigger GDP pie to divide) in that more open and export-oriented fantasy America.
