Exact(7)
Stem cell population size is highly regulated across species and tissue types, and alterations are associated with premature tissue failure or cancer.
We hypothesized that conventionally passaged SDSCs can be engineered in vitro into cartilage tissue constructs and the engineered premature tissue can be implanted to repair allogeneic full-thickness femoral condyle cartilage defects without immune rejection.
It was also demonstrated that dysfunction of a telomere-binding protein is sufficient to produce severe telomeric damage in the absence of telomere shortening, resulting in premature tissue degeneration and development of neoplastic lesions [ 5].
Many of the other features such as premature loss or greying of the hair and osteoporosis are more commonly seen with aging, suggesting that premature tissue aging might be implicated as a causative factor [8].
Also, the dysfunction of a single enzyme involved in telomere maintenance has been shown to be sufficient to cause severe telomere damage, premature tissue aging, and development of neoplastic lesions [ 2].
However, it has been proposed, and it is most likely, that most cases of cervical insufficiency represent a continuum of premature tissue remodeling and cervical shortening from other pathological processes for which cerclage may not always be appropriate and are better predicted by cervical length determined by transvaginal ultrasonography [ 60].
Similar(53)
In fact, phenotypes associated with premature loss of tissue regeneration, including the skin (hair loss, hair greying, decreased wound healing) are found in mice deficient for telomerase [58] [60].
These patients display a substantially increased risk of developing disease states characterized by a premature loss of tissue renewal; however, the possible contribution of epigenetic defects at telomeres is still unclear (Mason et al, 2005).
In vivo, critically short telomeres result in stem cell dysfunction, premature loss of tissue regeneration, and reduced life span, as shown in the context of telomerase-deficient mice (Blasco et al, 1997; Herrera et al, 1999; Rudolph et al, 1999; Gonzalez-Suarez et al, 2000; Collins and Mitchell, 2002; Blasco, 2005; Garcia-Cao et al, 2006).
This would explain the features of premature aging as tissues senesce or apoptose prematurely.
Aging of the organism, tissues, and organs is the main cause of functional decline, and the premature aging of tissues and organs is the utmost pathological basis for chronic degenerative diseases.
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